Drowning

1. 1

   Do not jump in unless trained

   Untrained rescuers who enter the water frequently become second victims. Reach with a rope, towel, or branch, or throw a flotation device first.

   Important: Drowning in children happens silently and quickly — they don't splash and yell for help. Silence near water with a child is an emergency signal.
2. 2

   Get them out safely

   Remove from the water as quickly and safely as possible. Lay on their back on a firm surface.

3. 3

   Check responsiveness and breathing

   Tap their shoulder and shout. Look for chest rise for no more than 10 seconds.

4. 4

   Begin CPR if not breathing

   For drowning: give 2 rescue breaths first before starting chest compressions — unlike cardiac arrest, drowning is oxygen deprivation first. Then continue 30 compressions to 2 breaths.

   Tip: Drowning victims need rescue breaths early. Oxygen deprivation is the primary cause — not cardiac failure.
5. 5

   Go to ER regardless of recovery

   Even if the person regains consciousness, always take them to the ER immediately.

   Important: Secondary drowning: watch for unusual fatigue, coughing, difficulty breathing, or confusion in the 24 hours after a near-drowning. Go to ER even if they seem fine — fluid can accumulate in the lungs hours later.

Guidance only — in any emergency, call 911.